Breakthrough Bleeding

Breakthrough Bleeding is a hematology term concerning blood cells, coagulation, bone marrow, plasma proteins or disorders arising from these components.
Its clinical effect may appear as fatigue, infection susceptibility, bruising, thrombosis, bleeding, abnormal cell counts or an incidental laboratory finding.
Complete blood counts, blood films, coagulation studies, protein assays, flow cytometry or bone-marrow evaluation are chosen according to the suspected disorder.
Treatment can include replacement therapy, transfusion, medication, anticoagulation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy or stem-cell treatment depending on the diagnosis.
Trends over time are often as important as a single result when clinicians interpret breakthrough bleeding in relation to disease activity or treatment response.