Molecular Pathology: Biomarkers, Genomic Testing, Precision Oncology and Personalized Cancer Diagnosis

This pathology lesson on Molecular Surgical Pathology Review emphasizes molecular diagnostics, precision oncology, and mutation testing, linking microscopic findings with reporting decisions. Diagnostic context includes molecular diagnostics, genomic testing, biomarkers, specimen handling, architecture, cytologic detail, and clinicopathologic correlation specific to this topic. Long-tail searches such as precision oncology, mutation testing, and personalized cancer medicine are addressed with attention to grading, staging, biomarkers, special stains, immunohistochemistry, or molecular testing when applicable. For pathology case 66, the emphasis remains on reproducible microscopic criteria, differential diagnosis, reporting language, and how tissue findings influence treatment planning. Careful interpretation also requires correlation with clinical history